Final answer:
To make a 22.7% solution in 451 mL, 102.67 grams of NaCl is needed.
Step-by-step explanation:
To calculate the mass of sodium chloride needed to make 451 mL of a 22.7% solution, we first need to determine the amount of sodium chloride present in the solution. In a 22.7% solution, there is 22.7 grams of sodium chloride for every 100 mL of solution. Using this proportion, we can calculate the amount of sodium chloride needed:
22.7 g/100 mL = x g/451 mL
By cross-multiplying and solving for x, we find that x = (22.7 g * 451 mL) / 100 mL = 102.67 g of NaCl.