Final answer:
The Black Codes were established before the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments, limiting the promised rights and freedoms of former slaves.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Black Codes were enacted before the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments and severely restricted the rights of former slaves.
After the Civil War, the Thirteenth Amendment abolished slavery, and the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments aimed to protect the rights of African Americans, granting citizenship, and voting rights. However, southern states implemented the Black Codes to circumvent these protections, preserving white supremacy by limiting black citizens' rights to own property, travel, vote, and sign labor contracts.
Congress reacted by passing additional legislation, like the Civil Rights Act of 1866, and eventually adding the Fourteenth Amendment to counter these state laws and their effects.