Final answer:
By applying Charles's Law, the new temperature of a gas with doubled volume (from 20 L to 40 L) is calculated to be 473.15°C when the pressure and amount of gas are kept constant.
Step-by-step explanation:
The student has asked about the relationship between the volume and temperature of a gas, which pertains to Charles's Law in Physics. According to this law, if a gas's volume is doubled while maintaining constant pressure and amount of gas, the temperature must also double for the volume change to occur. Since the volume of the gas sample is doubled from 20 L to 40 L, the temperature would also double when measured in Kelvins.
To find the new temperature in Celsius, first convert the initial temperature from Celsius to Kelvins by adding 273.15: T1 = 100°C + 273.15 = 373.15 K. Now, if the volume is doubled (V2 = 2 * V1), then the new temperature in Kelvins will also be doubled (T2 = 2 * T1 = 746.3 K). Lastly, convert T2 back to Celsius: T2 = 746.3 K - 273.15 = 473.15°C.
Therefore, if the volume of the gas is increased to 40 L, the new temperature of the gas in Celsius would be 473.15°C, assuming ideal gas behavior.