Final answer:
A quarter rest equals four sixteenth notes when the bottom number of the time signature is 16. Since each sixteenth note equals one beat, a quarter rest equals one beat, hence the correct answer is option b) 1.
Step-by-step explanation:
When the bottom number of a time signature is 16, a quarter rest, which typically equals one beat in a 4/4 time signature, will have a different value. In time signatures where the bottom number is 16, each measure is divided into sixteenth notes. Therefore, a quarter note would equal four sixteenth notes, and similarly a quarter rest would also equal the length of four sixteenth notes.
In this specific context, a quarter rest in a time signature with the bottom number being 16 would equal four beats. The correct answer to the question, "When the bottom number is 16, how much does a quarter rest equal?" is option b) 1.