Final answer:
Andrew Carnegie and John D. Rockefeller had a mixed impact on American society. They made significant contributions that transformed the nation's economy, but their aggressive business practices and wealth accumulation faced criticism.
Step-by-step explanation:
Andrew Carnegie and John D. Rockefeller, both influential figures in American history, had a mixed impact on American society. Option C) Both is the most accurate choice. On one hand, they were considered "captains of industry" who revolutionized business models and made significant contributions that transformed the nation. For example, Carnegie's steel production and Rockefeller's oil refining techniques led to industrial growth and economic expansion. On the other hand, their aggressive and sometimes predatory business practices, such as monopolistic tendencies, negatively affected workers and smaller competitors. Additionally, they faced criticism for accumulating immense wealth while exploiting labor. It is important to consider both the positive and negative aspects of their influence on American society.