Final answer:
The passage talking about ascending into the heavens and discovering blood circulation mainly relates to b. scientific advancements that encompass astronomy and physiology, marking significant human progress in these fields.
Step-by-step explanation:
The theme developed in the passage that mentions ascending into the heavens and discovering the nature of air and blood circulation best relates to scientific advancements. This theme is evident in the way the passage explores human curiosity and achievements in understanding and manipulating natural phenomena.
The integration of astronomy and physiology into the body of knowledge are hallmarks of human progress in science. The mention of blood circulation references William Harvey's discovery in the 17th century, and the ascension into the heavens can be associated with the historical development of aerospace technology and exploration.