Final answer:
The false statements about Rutherford's model are that it could not explain the physical properties of elements and it failed to explain why objects change color when heated. Rutherford's true contribution was the planetary model of the atom, comparing electrons orbiting the nucleus to planets orbiting the sun.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statements about Rutherford's model that are false include:
- It could not explain the physical properties of elements. (This is false because Rutherford's model was the key to understanding the chemical properties of elements).
- It failed to explain why objects change color when heated. (This is false as it is not related to the primary flaw in Rutherford's model, which pertained to the behavior of electrons and their energy levels).
Statement A is true: Electrons travel like planets around the sun in Rutherford's planetary model of the atom. Therefore, option D, 'All are true,' is also a false statement.
Rutherford's model was a significant advancement in understanding atomic structure, but had limitations, particularly in explaining why electrons do not crash into the nucleus and how atomic spectra form. This was later addressed in models proposed by scientists such as Niels Bohr. The properties of light played a vital role in enhancing our understanding of atomic structure and the behavior of electrons.