Final answer:
The theoretical yield of MgO can be calculated using the balanced chemical equation for the reaction. The percent yield can be calculated by dividing the actual yield by the theoretical yield and multiplying by 100. The average percent yield can be calculated by taking the average of the percent yields from multiple trials.
Step-by-step explanation:
The theoretical yield of MgO can be calculated by using the stoichiometry of the balanced chemical equation for the reaction. The balanced equation for the reaction is 2Mg + O₂ → 2MgO. From the equation, we can see that 2 moles of Mg will produce 2 moles of MgO. Therefore, the theoretical yield of MgO is equal to the mass of Mg used in the reaction multiplied by the molar mass of MgO divided by the molar mass of Mg:
Theoretical yield = (mass of Mg) * (molar mass of MgO) / (molar mass of Mg)
To calculate the percent yield, you'll need to use the equation:
Percent yield = (actual yield / theoretical yield) * 100
For trial one, the theoretical yield of MgO with Magnesium as the limiting reactant can be calculated using the mass of Mg used in trial one and the molar masses of Mg and MgO. The percent yield for trial one can be calculated by dividing the actual yield (0.414g) by the theoretical yield and multiplying by 100.
Similarly, for trial two, the theoretical yield of MgO with Magnesium as the limiting reactant can be calculated using the mass of Mg used in trial two. The percent yield for trial two can be calculated by dividing the actual yield (0.410g) by the theoretical yield and multiplying by 100.
The average percent yield of MgO for both trials can be calculated by taking the average of the percent yields for trial one and trial two.