Final answer:
The end of the Non-Cooperation Movement affected the Khilafat cause and Hindu-Muslim relations by intensifying fears of religious dominance and leading to Pakistan's creation. British 'divide and rule' policies exacerbated the divide. Historical Muslim influence in the region played into religious divisions that led to partition and ongoing India-Pakistan tensions.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Sudden End of Non-Cooperation and Its Effects
The abrupt cessation of the Non-Cooperation Movement had significant implications for the cause of the Khilafat Movement and Hindu-Muslim relations in the pre-independence era of India.
The Non-Cooperation Movement was a critical phase in the Indian struggle for independence, during which both Hindu and Muslim communities united against British rule. However, with the end of the movement and growing concerns about religious representation in the future Indian government, the communal harmony began to fray.
As independence approached, the fear of Hindu domination led many Muslims to advocate for a separate nation, resulting in the creation of Pakistan. This division was amplified by the British policy of 'divide and rule,' which intensified the antagonism between aspiring Hindu and Muslim political entities.
The partition that followed British withdrawal witnessed devastating violence and created long-lasting schisms between the two countries.
Historical invasions and the establishment of Muslim dynasties, such as the Delhi Sultanate, had established a substantial Muslim presence in the subcontinent that influenced trade and cultural exchanges. The eventual divide exploited historical religious differences, leading to the partition and subsequent religious violence.
These events set the stage for enduring tensions that have continued to mark the relationship between India and Pakistan post-independence.