Final answer:
Gravity is greatest when there is more mass and less distance between two objects, as the gravitational force is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
Step-by-step explanation:
Gravity is greater when there is more mass and less distance between two objects. This is because the gravitational force between two objects is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them, as dictated by Newton's law of universal gravitation. Simplified, the formula is F = G(M1*M2)/r2 where F is the gravitational force, G is the gravitational constant, M1 and M2 are the masses of the objects, and r is the distance between them. Doubling the mass of an object doubles its weight because weight is a measure of gravitational force, which increases with mass. On the other hand, doubling the distance from the center of Earth reduces the weight fourfold because the gravitational force decreases with the square of the distance.