Final answer:
The Union victory at Vicksburg was crucial as it provided control over the Mississippi River, disrupting Confederate supply lines. General Robert E. Lee aimed to advance northwards in hopes of strategic gains, including international support and forcing the Union towards peace.
Step-by-step explanation:
Strategic Importance of Union Victory at Vicksburg
A Union victory at Vicksburg was critical as it would give the Union control of the Mississippi River, thus cutting the Confederacy in half and disrupting their supply lines. The capture of Vicksburg represented a turning point in the Civil War, as it prevented the Confederates from using the river for transport and effectively split their forces. This victory, coupled with General Grant's success, was essential in paving the way for Union dominance in the Western Theatre and eventual victory in the Civil War.
General Robert E. Lee's Temptation to Advance Northward
Following significant Confederate victories at Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville, General Robert E. Lee was tempted to advance northward. This bold plan aimed to relieve pressure on Vicksburg by forcing the Union to redeploy troops to the east. Additionally, Lee hoped that victories on Northern soil would erode Union resolve, potentially encourage Great Britain and France to support the Confederacy, and press the North towards peace negotiations.