Final answer:
The question focuses on the difficulty of setting aside personal values when studying cultural practices deemed morally troubling or wrong, and how employing cultural relativism could influence research and interaction during studies. Option number 3 is correct.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question pertains to the complexities and nuance involved in understanding and interacting with culture. When studying a morally troubling topic within a culture, practicing cultural relativism involves setting aside personal values to view the practices from the cultural standards being studied. This approach can change the interaction with people and the types of questions asked during research to ensure they are not biased by the researcher's own cultural framework. Engaging in cultural relativism can help in understanding the impact of globalization on local cultures, the implications of cultural appropriation, promoting tolerance and understanding through cultural relativism, and analyzing the effects of cultural assimilation on minority groups.
Critical global issues such as climate change, inequity, and political instability are interconnected and stem from historical inequities. Addressing these challenges requires a comprehensive understanding of cultural differences and employing anthropological skills. Inquiring about the culture of your audience and reflecting on the cultural differences is key when writing or conducting research. Subcultures and countercultural ideas mark generation-specific cultural expressions, influencing society's collective culture.
Concepts of ethnocentrism and xenocentrism in U.S. culture, along with their prevalence and influence, can be explored through personal and societal events. To understand culture comprehensively, it is imperative to understand the difference between material and nonmaterial culture, cultural universalism, and compare ethnocentrism with xenocentrism. Lastly, different sociological approaches, such as functionalism, conflict theory, or symbolic interactionism could be used to analyze current social trends to understand underlying social issues.