Final answer:
The correct answer is d) Answers b) and c) are both correct; weak acids and bases ionize to a limited extent and establish an equilibrium in aqueous solutions.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer to the question of which statement is true regarding weak acids and bases is d) Answers b) and c) are both correct. Weak acids and bases ionize or dissociate to a limited extent in aqueous solutions. This means they do not dissociate completely, leading to an equilibrium state between the undissociated and dissociated forms in solution. Strong acids and bases, on the other hand, dissociate to a much greater extent, oftentimes considered to be 100%.
Weak acids and bases have Ka and Kb values that are less than one, indicating a lesser extent of ionization compared to their strong counterparts. Moreover, they establish an equilibrium in aqueous solutions, which can be represented by an equilibrium constant for acids (Ka) and bases (Kb). The equilibrium nature means that the reaction can proceed in both the forward and reverse directions, with the concentrations of reactants and products remaining constant over time at equilibrium.