Final answer:
The Classical Greek civilization is famed for its contributions to arts, literature, philosophy, and politics, while the Romans, highly influenced by the Greeks, embedded Greek culture into their society, further spreading it across their vast empire. Both civilizations have profoundly impacted Western culture and intellectual traditions.
Step-by-step explanation:
The most important cultural contributions that helped to create the Classical Greek civilizations were their innovations in the arts, literature, philosophy, and politics.
During the Classical Age, Greek society made significant intellectual advancements, such as the Athenian democratic experiment and the development of philosophy, drama, history, scientific thought, and art which have had enduring legacies. The Greeks also initiated forms of historical research and were pioneers in geometry and astrology, influenced by earlier Egyptian scholarship.
As for the Roman civilization, their culture was greatly influenced by ancient Greece. Romans admired Greek society for its advanced literature and language, philosophy, and educational institutions.
This reverence led to the adoption and modification of Greek deities and myths, philosophical schools, and the incorporation of Greek fashion and architecture into Roman culture. As a result, Roman culture, with its roots in Greek civilization, extended its influence throughout Europe and laid the foundation for the modern Western world.
Additionally, both civilizations contributed to the rule of law, systems of governance such as the concept of the republic, and set the stage for intellectual debates and public discussions that were deeply entrenched in the importance of rhetoric and oratory skills.