Final answer:
Under Newton's second law, for two objects of different masses to change speed by the same amount, the object with less mass would experience a stronger force. The object with more mass does not experience a stronger force, and both objects do not experience the same force if their accelerations are the same and masses are different.
Step-by-step explanation:
If forces are applied to two objects of different masses, and both objects change their speed by the same amount, we must consider Newton's second law of motion, which states that force is the product of mass and acceleration (F = ma). Based on this law, to achieve the same change in speed—assuming acceleration is constant—the force applied must be proportional to the mass. Therefore, the force exerted on the object with less mass would have to be stronger to match the change in speed of the heavier object.
- If forces change the speed of two objects by the same amount, the object with less mass experiences the stronger force. (1. a) Yes)
- The object with more mass does not experience the stronger force if the acceleration is the same for both objects. (2. b) No)
- Both objects do not experience the same force if their masses are different and acceleration is the same. (3. b) No)
- Based on Newton's second law, we know that a force must be applied for an object to change its speed, so neither object could have zero force acting on it. (4. b) No)