Final answer:
Historians find it difficult to study the Harappan civilization because of the lack of written records, with the undeciphered Indus script hiding much of their culture and societal organization.
Step-by-step explanation:
It is difficult for historians to study the Harappan people of the Indus River Valley primarily because of the B. Lack of written records. The Indus script, used by the Harappan civilization, remains undeciphered to this day. This means that we are missing crucial information that could illuminate aspects of Harappan culture, law, literature, and socio-political organization. Without written records, it is challenging to understand the complexities of their society, beliefs, and the precise functioning of their impressive urban centers. Although the archaeological sites of Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro provide insights into their advanced urban planning and sophisticated craftsmanship, the absence of readable texts leaves a gap in our comprehension of their political structure, religious practices, and daily life.
Multiple factors indicate a high degree of labor specialization and organized society in the Harappan civilization, like the standardized bricks and intricate drainage systems found in their cities. However, due to the lack of written records, historians can only speculate about how they managed administrative tasks, governance, and cultural development. This void significantly hampers our understanding of their political hierarchy, legal systems, artistic expressions, and potential historical events that shaped their society, which would typically be recorded in written documents.