Final answer:
The volume of carbon dioxide gas is calculated by first determining the molar amount from given masses and then applying the ideal gas law. The empirical formula of a compound is found using molar amounts of carbon and hydrogen from carbon dioxide and water, respectively. Carbon dioxide's molecular structure comprises one carbon atom bonded to two oxygen atoms.
Step-by-step explanation:
To calculate the volume of carbon dioxide gas (CO₂), you first determine the number of moles using stoichiometry from the masses of CO₂ produced. After finding the molar amounts, you apply the ideal gas law which states that the pressure, volume, and temperature of a gas are related to the number of moles of the gas through the equation PV = nRT, where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the ideal gas constant, and T is the temperature in Kelvin.
To acquire the empirical formula of a compound, you calculate the molar amounts of carbon and hydrogen based on the masses of the carbon dioxide and water given. Each molecule of CO₂ consists of one carbon atom centrally bonded to two oxygen atoms. Understanding the molecular structure is essential when considering the transformation of CO₂ into other molecules, such as its inability to transform directly into methane (CH₄) and oxygen (O₂) due to different atom compositions and bonding requirements.
Carbon dioxide (CO₂) is a gas composed of one carbon atom bonded to two oxygen atoms. It is a compound formed by the combination of atoms of different elements, namely carbon and oxygen. The molecule of carbon dioxide is illustrated in Figure 7.11.2, showing the arrangement of the carbon atom and the two oxygen atoms.