Final answer:
The mathematical concept used to model real-world problems and solve them using algebraic rules is option D) Algebra.
Step-by-step explanation:
Algebra involves various rules and operations that can be applied to abstract variables, allowing for the formulation and solving of equations based on real-world scenarios.
Algebra is the study of variables and the rules for manipulating these variables in formulas. Originating in ancient Babylonian techniques of calculation, it is now a way of thinking that appears throughout almost all areas of mathematics.
Mathematical models use algebra among other branches of math to create descriptions of phenomena using mathematical expressions which may include equations, inequalities, and functions.
When it comes to engineering and other scientific disciplines, these algebraic models can represent and solve a wide range of problems, such as predicting rocket thrust necessary for breaking Earth's gravity or modeling the finance and growth of a company.