Question

Sodium, Na, a Group 1 element, has one/two/seven/eight valence electron(s). It can easily react with chlorine, Cl, a Group 17 element, with one/two/seven/eight valence electron(s). During bonding, each sodium atom gains one/gains seven/loses one/loses seven electron(s) to become stable, and each chlorine atom gains one/gains seven/loses one/loses seven electron(s) to become stable."

a) Sodium (Na) has two valence electrons, chlorine (Cl) has one valence electron, and during bonding, sodium gains one electron, while chlorine loses one electron.
b) Sodium (Na) has one valence electron, chlorine (Cl) has seven valence electrons, and during bonding, sodium gains seven electrons, while chlorine loses one electron.
c) Sodium (Na) has one valence electron, chlorine (Cl) has seven valence electrons, and during bonding, sodium loses one electron, while chlorine gains one electron.
d) Sodium (Na) has eight valence electrons, chlorine (Cl) has one valence electron, and during bonding, sodium loses seven electrons, while chlorine gains one electron.

Answer 1

Sodium has one valence electron and loses it during bonding, while chlorine has seven valence electrons and gains one from sodium to become stable, following the octet rule.

Step-by-step explanation:

Sodium (Na), a Group 1 element, has one valence electron, while chlorine (Cl), a Group 17 element, has seven valence electrons. During the reaction to form sodium chloride, each sodium atom loses one electron and becomes a sodium cation with a +1 charge. Conversely, each chlorine atom gains one electron to become a chloride anion with a -1 charge. This transfer of electrons follows the octet rule, where each atom aims to have a complete set of eight electrons in its outer shell, mimicking the stable electron configuration of noble gases.