Final answer:
The Federalist party would likely have supported the Marbury v. Madison decision as it reinforced central government strength, while the Democratic-Republicans would have been more critical, fearing the expansion of central power.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Marbury v. Madison decision of 1803 is a landmark case that established the principle of judicial review in the United States, meaning that the Supreme Court has the power to declare legislative and executive actions unconstitutional. This decision likely would have evoked different responses from the Federalist party and the Democratic-Republican party based on their political philosophies.
The Federalists, who favored a stronger central government and more aristocratic leadership, might have seen the decision as a reinforcement of a strong and stable central government capable of checking the other branches. Alternatively, the Democratic-Republicans, led by people like Thomas Jefferson and favoring a limited government, might have been more cautious or critical of the decision due to their concern over too much central government power that could infringe upon the rights of states and individuals.