Final answer:
Solution "B" with 10% dissolved sugar is hypertonic compared to solution "A" with 5% sugar, indicating that "B" is more concentrated. Solution "A" is hypotonic to solution "B" due to its lower solute concentration. These terms describe the relative concentrations when comparing two solutions.
Step-by-step explanation:
Comparing solutions "A" and "B", where solution "A" contains 5% dissolved sugar and solution "B" contains 10% dissolved sugar, solution "B" is considered hypertonic compared to solution "A". This is because solution "B" has a higher solute concentration than solution "A". In terms of osmolality, which measures the moles of solute per kilogram of solvent, solution "B" would have a higher osmolality, indicating that it is indeed the more concentrated solution. Conversely, solution "A" is considered hypotonic relative to solution "B" due to its lower concentration of solute, meaning it has less sugar dissolved within the same volume of solvent.
To visualize this, imagine two glasses with the same volume of water. One with a lesser amount of sugar (like solution "A") will have more water relative to its sugar content, while the other with more sugar (like solution "B") will have a greater portion of its volume taken up by the sugar, thereby reducing the relative amount of water.
A solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances, where substances like sugar (sucrose molecules, C12H22O11) disperse uniformly throughout the solvent (water) when dissolved. When we compare two sugar water solutions of different concentrations, such as in this scenario, we use terms like hypertonic and hypotonic to describe their relative solute concentrations.