Final answer:
1 g of ethyl alcohol is likely not enough to transform 1 g of ice at -10 ℃ into water vapor at 100 ℃ with only 10% efficiency for the spirit burner, as the energy content of the alcohol is probably insufficient for all the required phase changes and temperature increases.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question pertains to the amount of heat energy required to transform a substance from one phase to another. Specifically, it asks whether 1 g of ethyl alcohol is sufficient to convert 1 g of ice at -10 ℃ into water vapor at 100 ℃ given a burner efficiency of 10%. To determine this, one would need to calculate the total heat required for the phase changes including the heat needed to raise the temperature of ice to 0 ℃, melt the ice to water, heat the water to 100 ℃, and then vaporize the water into steam. Each step requires a specific amount of energy which can be calculated using the relevant heat capacities and latent heats. However, given the efficiency of the spirit burner, it would be improbable for just 1 g of ethyl alcohol to provide enough energy for the entire process, particularly because the energy content of ethyl alcohol would likely be less than what is required to endothermically accomplish all the phase changes and temperature increases stipulated in the question. A detailed calculation involving the specific heat capacities of ice and water, as well as the latent heats for melting and vaporization, would be required to affirm this hypothesis.