Final answer:
C) Mathematics: creation of decimal system and numerals is one of Ancient India's most important contributions, as it lays the foundation for modern mathematics and had a wide-reaching impact on the Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment.
Step-by-step explanation:
One of the most important contributions of Ancient India is its mathematical legacy, particularly the creation of the decimal system and numerals. The use of decimals and a symbol to represent zero, as pioneered by Indian mathematicians like Brahmagupta, facilitated advancements in mathematics such as multiplication, division, and the concept of negative numbers.
This numerical system is a foundation of modern mathematics and science, underscoring its significance. Additionally, Indian treatises on mathematics from figures like Aryabhata played a crucial role in trigonometry, greatly influencing the Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment.
While Ancient India's contributions to art and architecture, such as Angkor Wat and the epics like the Mahabharata, as well as early science practices like inoculation, are notable, the mathematical innovations arguably have a more widespread and lasting impact on the world. Artifacts and written texts from the ancient period continue to shed light on these significant contributions to human civilization.