Final answer:
Macromolecules such as carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids are made up of different elements. Carbohydrates contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Proteins contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur. Lipids contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Nucleic acids contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus.
Step-by-step explanation:
The basic names of the elements that make up macromolecules are carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur. These elements combine in different ratios to form different macromolecules. For carbohydrates, the elements are carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. The symbol for carbon is C, hydrogen is H, and oxygen is O.
For proteins, the elements are carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur. The symbol for nitrogen is N, and sulfur is S.
For lipids, the elements are carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Nucleic acids contain the elements carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus. The symbol for phosphorus is P.
The basic names of elements in macromolecules are Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), Oxygen (O), Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), and Sulfur (S). These elements combine to form essential biological compounds like carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids, with carbon serving as a fundamental building block due to its versatile bonding capacity.
Basic Elements in Macromolecules and Their Symbols
The basic names of the elements that make up a macromolecule are Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), Oxygen (O), Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), and Sulfur (S). The acronym CHONPS can help remember these elements. They are required in large amounts as they are the components of organic compounds in cells. The major elements in all macromolecules are:
Carbohydrates: Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), Oxygen (O)
Proteins: Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), Oxygen (O), Nitrogen (N), and sometimes Sulfur (S)
Lipids: Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), and Oxygen (O)
Nucleic Acids: Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), Oxygen (O), Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P)
All of these elements combine in various ways to form molecules essential for life, such as carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids. Carbon serves as a backbone for these macromolecules due to its capacity to form up to four covalent bonds, allowing for diverse and complex structures.