Final answer:
Strokes can be ischemic or hemorrhagic, with the main causes including high blood pressure, blood clots, and blood vessel ruptures. High blood pressure is the leading risk factor, with other significant risks being age, diabetes, high cholesterol, and smoking. Immediate treatment is critical to minimize brain damage.
Step-by-step explanation:
Causes of Stroke
A stroke is a medical condition that occurs when the blood supply to part of the brain is interrupted or reduced, preventing brain tissue from getting oxygen and nutrients. The two main types of stroke are ischemic and hemorrhagic. Ischemic strokes, which account for almost 90% of all strokes, are caused by a blockage such as a blood clot. Hemorrhagic strokes occur when a weakened blood vessel ruptures.
Risk factors that can lead to a stroke include high blood pressure (the main risk factor), atherosclerosis, old age, a family history of stroke, diabetes, high cholesterol, smoking, and the use of illicit drugs such as amphetamines or cocaine. Immediate medical attention is crucial, and treatments may include clot-busting drugs, blood pressure medication, and physical therapy.