Final answer:
Mass, velocity, and height affect the kinetic and potential energy of the marble as it moves down the track. The kinetic energy is directly proportional to the mass of the marble. The relationship between kinetic and potential energy depends on the height and velocity of the marble.
Step-by-step explanation:
In this experiment, the mass, velocity, and height of the marble will affect its kinetic and potential energy as it moves down the track.
First, let's consider the effect of mass on kinetic and potential energy. According to the formula for kinetic energy, KE = 1/2 mv^2, where m is the mass of the marble and v is its velocity, the kinetic energy is directly proportional to the mass of the marble. So, if the mass of the marble increases, its kinetic energy will also increase.
Next, let's look at how velocity and height affect kinetic and potential energy. As the marble rolls down the track, its gravitational potential energy is gradually converted into kinetic energy. When the marble is at a higher height, it has more potential energy. As it moves down the track and gains speed, its potential energy decreases while its kinetic energy increases. The relationship between kinetic and potential energy depends on the height of the track and the velocity of the marble. If the height and velocity are such that the marble follows a straight line when plotted on a graph, it indicates that the marble's kinetic energy at the bottom is proportional to its potential energy at the release point.