Final answer:
A telescope viewing gamma rays and X-rays (4.13 × 10(-17) m to 6.2 × 10(-11) m) must be placed in space due to atmospheric absorption. The same applies for a telescope viewing extreme ultraviolet and soft X-rays (1.24 × 10(-10) m to 1.38 × 10(-8) m). Ground-based telescopes can observe redshifted Lyman lines of hydrogen if they shift into the visible spectrum.
Step-by-step explanation:
If a telescope has a viewing range of 4.13 × 10(-17) m to 6.2 × 10(-11) m, it is sensitive to high-energy electromagnetic radiation, which includes gamma rays and X-rays. These types of radiation are mostly absorbed by Earth's atmosphere, so for direct observation, a telescope designed to observe in this range must be placed in space.
The second viewing range given is from 1.24 × 10(-10) m to 1.38 × 10(-8) m, which corresponds with the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) and soft X-ray regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. Observations in these wavelengths are also best performed from space due to the atmospheric absorption of such radiation.
The ability to detect the Lyman line of hydrogen at a wavelength of 121.6 nm (UV light) with a ground-based telescope would be problematic because the Earth's atmosphere is opaque to most radiation at wavelengths shorter than visible light. However, if a quasar has a redshift of 4.1, the Lyman line would be shifted into the visible spectrum, thus making it potentially observable with a ground-based telescope.