Final answer:
Haiti's struggle in establishing a Democratic Republic is rooted in historical corruption, political instability, external oppression, and economic hardship. France's indemnity demands and the autocratic Duvalier rule were particularly significant barriers to democracy.
Step-by-step explanation:
Haiti's difficulties in establishing a Democratic Republic stem from a complex history of external interference and internal strife. Following the Haitian Revolution, corruption and political conflicts plagued the nation, with few leaders completing their terms. The 19th-century sugar boom's decline left the country's elite both authoritarian and corrupt. This, coupled with racial tensions and the social hierarchy established by former gens de couleur libres, hindered the development of democracy. External exploitation contributed to the fragile state, notably France's crippling indemnity demands post-independence, and the United States' occupation.
The Duvalier dynasty further destabilized Haiti's chances of democracy through their autocratic rule and oppressive forces like the Tonton Macoutes, causing many Haitians to flee. The election of Jean-Bertrand Aristide presented a momentary democratic promise, but a subsequent coup curtailed it. Overall, a mix of expansionist policies from colonial powers, economic duress, and internal power struggles have collectively impeded Haiti's journey towards a stable democracy.