Final answer:
At a subduction zone in a convergent boundary, significant geological activity occurs, leading to the creation of mountain ranges, volcanoes, and earthquakes. However, deserts are not typically formed by this process. The correct answer to the question is b) Volcanoes, with the understanding that mountain ranges and earthquakes are also closely associated with subduction zones.
Step-by-step explanation:
When a subduction zone forms at a convergent boundary, it can result in the creation of several geological features. At these boundaries, an oceanic plate typically descends beneath a continental plate or another oceanic plate into the Earth's mantle leading to intense geological activity. The consequences of this subduction process are:
• Mountain ranges: The collision and subsequent pressure at the convergent boundary force the crust to buckle and fold, creating high mountain ranges.
• Volcanoes: Volcanic activity is a direct consequence of the melting of the subducted plate and the rise of magma through the overriding plate. This often forms a volcanic arc parallel to the subduction zone.
• Earthquakes: The movement of tectonic plates at the subduction zone generates earthquakes, which can vary from shallow to deep depending on their distance from the trench where the subduction is occurring.
Subduction zones are not typically associated with the creation of deserts. Thus, the correct options in the context of subduction zones at convergent boundaries are mountain ranges, volcanoes, and earthquakes. Among the options provided in the initial question, the answer would be b) Volcanoes, although mountain ranges and earthquakes are also relevant outcomes of subduction zones.