Question

In what way did geography impact the development of Greek city-states?

A. Access to waterways facilitated trade and communication.
B. Mountainous terrain discouraged agricultural activities.
C. Flat plains allowed for easy expansion of cities.
D. Dense forests limited the movement of people.

Answer 1

Geography heavily influenced the development of Greek city-states by fostering independent city-states due to its mountainous terrain, encouraging maritime trade because of its access to waterways, and leading to reliance on trade and colonization due to the scarcity of natural resources.

Step-by-step explanation:

The geography of Greece significantly impacted the development of Greek city-states. The mountainous terrain of Greece led to the creation of many small city-states, or poleis, that were typically independent and self-governing. Access to waterways such as the Mediterranean Sea facilitated trade and communication between these city-states and other regions, which was crucial for their economic growth and the spread of Greek culture.

Additionally, the rough and mountainous landscape impacted the agricultural activities, as it discouraged large-scale farming. This led to Greek city-states placing a greater reliance on maritime activities for trade and sustenance. The scarcity of natural resources, such as fertile soil and minerals, influenced the Greeks to seek livelihoods through trade and colonization.

Greek geography's impact is further emphasized by its political developments. The division and competition among city-states fostered various forms of government, including democracy, oligarchy, and tyranny. These differing political systems would later contribute enormously to Western political thought.