Final answer:
In the equations Y = 5x, Y = 5, and Y = 7x - 8, the slopes are 5, 0, and 7, and the y-intercepts are 0, 5, and -8, respectively.
Step-by-step explanation:
To identify the slope and y-intercept of each equation, we must ensure the equation is in the slope-intercept form, which is y = mx + b, where m is the slope and b is the y-intercept.
- For Y = 5x, the slope (m) is 5, and the y-intercept (b) is 0, since there is no constant term.
- For Y = 5, this is a horizontal line, so the slope (m) is 0, and the y-intercept (b) is 5.
- For Y = 7x - 8, the slope (m) is 7, and the y-intercept (b) is -8.
The provided examples from Figure A1 and section 12.2 reinforce the concept that in the equation of a straight line, m represents the number rise over run (slope) and b represents the point where the line crosses the y-axis (y-intercept).