Final answer:
B) Reactions that release energy are exothermic, while those that absorb energy are endothermic. The Law of conservation of energy ensures that the energy for endothermic reactions comes from the environment or from another exergonic reaction.
Step-by-step explanation:
Chemical reactions either release or absorb energy. Reactions that release energy are known as exothermic reactions, such as the combustion of methane in kitchen burners. Conversely, reactions that absorb energy are called endothermic reactions.
An example of an endothermic reaction is photosynthesis, where sunlight's energy is absorbed to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose.
The Law of conservation of energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed. Therefore, the energy absorbed in endergonic, or endothermic.
Reactions typically comes from the environment or another exergonic reaction happening concurrently. For instance, the energy from sunlight fuels the endothermic process of photosynthesis,.
Which illustrates an interaction between a system (the chloroplasts in plant cells) and its environment (sunlight).In terms of chemical equations, exothermic reactions can be represented as 'Reactants → Products + Energy'.
Demonstrating that energy is a product and thus released. Endergonic reactions, on the other hand, can be shown with 'Reactants + Heat → Products', indicating that the reaction requires an input of energy to proceed.