Question

DNA molecules in every cell of an organism contain sub units called genes. In order for a gene to be expressed, several processes must occur to make proteins. Which process below is involved with protein synthesis and is correctly paired with its function?

Replication – the making of a copy of DNA
Translation – the assembly of ribosomes by polypeptides
Reduction division – the halving of the number of chromosomes
Transcription – produces an RNA molecule from a DNA template
A. Replication - the making of a copy of DNA
B. Translation - the assembly of ribosomes by polypeptides
C. Reduction division - the halving of the number of chromosomes
D. Transcription - produces an RNA molecule from a DNA template

Answer 1

In protein synthesis, transcription produces an RNA molecule from a DNA template, and this mRNA carries genetic information from the nucleus to the cytoplasm for protein production.

Step-by-step explanation:

The process involved with protein synthesis and correctly paired with its function is transcription, which produces an RNA molecule from a DNA template. During transcription, a segment of DNA is copied into RNA, particularly mRNA (messenger RNA), by the enzyme RNA polymerase. This mRNA then carries the genetic information necessary for protein synthesis from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, where it is translated into a protein by ribosomes with the help of tRNA (transfer RNA). Thus, the correct answer is D. Transcription - produces an RNA molecule from a DNA template.