Final answer:
The Hagia Sophia was converted into a mosque by Mehmet II after the conquest of Constantinople in 1453. The correct answer to the question is 'd Hagia Sophia, Mehmet II.'
Step-by-step explanation:
The building mentioned in the question is the Hagia Sophia, and it is Mehmet II who is famous for converting it into a mosque. Therefore, the correct option to fill in the blanks would be 'd Hagia Sophia, Mehmet II.' In 1453, after the conquest of Constantinople, Mehmet II recognized the importance of the Hagia Sophia, which was originally a Byzantine church built under the reign of Emperor Justinian, and decided to preserve its beauty by converting it into a mosque. This preservation included adding minarets for the Muslim call to prayer and incorporating Arabic writing alongside the existing Greek iconography, continuing the tradition in the Middle East of transforming sacred spaces to reflect changing religious dominions.