Final answer:
The probability of having arthritis in this scenario is 50%.
Step-by-step explanation:
The probability of having arthritis in this scenario can be determined by understanding the principles of Mendelian inheritance.
According to Mendel's principles, when an individual with a genotype of Aa (heterozygous) for a trait is crossed with an individual with a genotype of aa (recessive homozygous), the offspring have a 50% chance of inheriting the dominant allele A and a 50% chance of inheriting the recessive allele a.
Therefore, the probability of having arthritis in this case is 50%, or Option 2: 50%.