Final answer:
Jane Addams opened Hull House in Chicago in 1889 after being inspired by London's settlement houses, creating a community center to help the underprivileged through educational and social welfare programs. Her work in social reform, opposing child labor, and pacifism during World War I led to her Nobel Peace Prize in 1931.
Step-by-step explanation:
Jane Addams' experience that led to the opening of Hull House was rooted in her observations of settlement houses in London. Inspired, she applied this concept to the United States, establishing Hull House in a poor neighborhood of Chicago in 1889. This center became a hub for social and educational programs, cultural events, employment assistance, and child care, all aimed at serving immigrants and the needy community. Addams' Hull House became a model for the settlement house movement in America, reflecting her belief that to truly understand and combat poverty, one needed to immerse oneself in the community and actively engage in social welfare work.
Influenced by her wealthy family background and college education, where she developed a passion for the field of social welfare, Addams studied medicine and the social sciences. Her commitment to social reform and her work at Hull House eventually led to her being awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1931 for her dedicated activism against child labor and her pacifist stance during World War I.