Final answer:
Smoking triggers the release of adrenaline, causing an increase in heart rate and blood pressure, making the heart work harder to supply oxygen to the bloodstream. This contributes to the risk of cardiovascular disease.
Step-by-step explanation:
True. When a person smokes, adrenaline is released, which affects the cardiovascular system by causing the heart to work harder. It does this by increasing the heart rate and blood pressure, thus pumping more oxygen into the bloodstream. This increased workload on the heart is one reason why smoking is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease.
In the context of the autonomic control of the heart, nicotine from smoking can cause an increase in sympathetic nervous system activity, which in turn increases heart rate and blood pressure, opposing the parasympathetic regulation. Moreover, smoking can affect the rhythm of the heart, potentially leading to irregular heartbeats or other cardiac issues.