Final answer:
The option that best fits the description provided, which included settlement of future states, support for public education, and banning of slavery in new territories, is the Missouri Compromise, despite the question not perfectly matching historical records.
Step-by-step explanation:
The main answer to which provision provided for the settlement of future states, supported public education, and banned slavery in new territories is the Northwest Ordinance of 1787. However, none of the options given directly correspond to this document. Each of the choices given in the question relates to historical measures regarding slavery and statehood in the United States The Missouri Compromise involved the admission of Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state, and banned slavery in the Louisiana Territory north of the 36°30' line.The Emancipation Proclamation was issued by President Abraham Lincoln during the Civil War, which declared the freedom of slaves in Confederate-held territory.The Declaration of Independence announced the thirteen American colonies' separation from British rule.The Monroe Doctrine was a U.S. foreign policy statement that opposed European colonialism in the Americas.In the context of the provided information though, the option that best fits the question, despite not being entirely accurate to historical records, would be A) The Missouri Compromise. It indirectly dealt with public education via the land set aside for states, and it included a prohibition of slavery in certain new territories.