Final answer:
Number 1 refers to a parameter because it involves the entire population of teachers at J.J High School. Number 2 is a statistic since it stems from a sample of a larger population. Parameters are calculated from an entire population, while statistics come from samples.
Step-by-step explanation:
When distinguishing between a parameter and a statistic, it's important to remember that a parameter refers to the entire population, while a statistic refers to a sample of that population.
1. Considering all the teachers at J.J High School, 57% of the teachers are female. This number is a parameter because it refers to the entire population of teachers at J.J High School.
2. In a recent poll, 274 people of 480 respondents supported a school bond measure. These numbers represent a statistic because they come from a sample (the 480 respondents) of the larger population that could potentially be surveyed about the school bond measure.
An example of calculating a parameter would be if a principal calculated the average exam score using the scores of all students in their school. Since data from the entire population of the school is being used, the average score calculated would be a parameter.
For question 7, the answer is B. Statistic, because it comes from a survey, which is a sample of the larger population of all high school seniors. If the government had surveyed all high school seniors and found that 50 percent were planning to attend a four-year college or university (as mentioned in Question 8), that would be A. Parameter, since it is referring to the entire population.