Final answer:
To find out how much space each person has, the area of the country is divided by the population. The percentage difference between populations and areas can be calculated using standard percentage change formulas. An example problem involving predicting population growth after 5 years is solved using an exponential growth equation.
Step-by-step explanation:
To calculate the space each person has in a country (population density), we divide the area of the country by its population. For example:
- For Canada in 2004: 9,984,670 km² / 32,507,874 people = 0.307 km² per person.
- For the U.S. in 2004: 9,629,091 km² / 297,255,550 people = 0.032 km² per person.
- For Mexico in 2004: 1,959,594 km² / 104,959,594 people = 0.018 km² per person.
The percentage by which the population of Mexico exceeds that of Canada can be calculated as follows:
((Population of Mexico - Population of Canada) / Population of Canada) * 100
For the area, the calculation would be:
((Area of Canada - Area of Mexico) / Area of Mexico) * 100
As an example problem using these data:
"If the population growth rate of Canada is 1% per year, what will be its estimated population after 5 years?"
Population after 5 years = Current population * (1 + growth rate)⁵
Population after 5 years = 32,507,874 * (1 + 0.01)⁵
Population after 5 years = 32,507,874 * 1.05101 = Approximately 34,190,819 people after rounding.