Final answer:
To calculate the present value of a bond, you need to discount the future cash flows using the discount rate. If the discount rate is 8%, the present value of the bond will be different than if the discount rate is 11%.
Step-by-step explanation:
To calculate the present value of a bond, we need to discount the future cash flows using the discount rate. Let's consider the two-year bond example given. The bond pays a coupon of $240 at the end of each year for two years and returns the principal of $3,000 at the end of the second year.
If the discount rate is 8%, we discount the cash flows by 8% each year. The present value of the bond, in this case, would be the sum of the present values of the coupon payments and the principal: 240/(1+0.08) + (240+3000)/(1+0.08)^2.
If the interest rates rise and the discount rate becomes 11%, we discount the cash flows by 11% each year. The present value of the bond, in this case, would be the sum of the present values of the coupon payments and the principal: 240/(1+0.11) + (240+3000)/(1+0.11)^2.