Final answer:
General control activities regarding parity checks and data encryption are information processing controls in IT and cybersecurity, ensuring data integrity and preventing unauthorized access.
Step-by-step explanation:
The general control activities concerned with parity checks and data encryption are types of information processing controls in the field of information technology and cybersecurity. Parity checks are used to ensure that data has not been corrupted during transmission, by adding an additional parity bit that makes the number of set bits either odd or even.
If the count does not match at the receiving end, an error is indicated, and actions can be taken to correct the transmission. Data encryption, on the other hand, is a method of converting plain text into a coded form (cipher text) to prevent unauthorized access. Using encryption algorithms, data is scrambled in a way that can only be decrypted and read by someone who has the corresponding key.