Final answer:
Sensitivity analysis is the process used to test how changes in a model's variables affect its solution, which is widely used in fields such as finance and environmental science.
Step-by-step explanation:
Testing how a problem solution reacts to changes in one or more of the model's variables is called sensitivity analysis. This process involves analyzing how the different inputs into a model affect the outputs, and it is a critical component of decision-making in various fields such as finance, engineering, and environmental science. For instance, in economics, understanding the tradeoffs of economic decisions can be essential, much like how a good basketball player makes a pass without calculating the physics yet is influenced by the underlying principles. In environmental science, sensitivity analysis might be applied to assess the impact of different variables affecting an ecosystem.