Final answer:
A perfect Faro shuffle splits a deck of cards into two equal sub-stacks and combines them in a specific order resulting in either an out-shuffle or an in-shuffle.
Step-by-step explanation:
A perfect Faro shuffle is a way to shuffle a deck of cards by breaking up the stack into two sub-stacks of equal size and then combining them so that a card from one sub-stack is followed by a card from the other sub-stack, and so on. An out-shuffle results in the top and bottom cards of the stack remaining the same after the shuffle, while an in-shuffle results in these cards becoming the second and second-last cards of the shuffled stack.