Final answer:
To achieve a 2% solution in 3.5 gallons of water using 4 bottles of arterial fluid, the primary dilution should be approximately 0.000375 gallons of arterial fluid in 3.5 gallons of water.
Step-by-step explanation:
The embalmer wishes to make a 2% solution in 3.5 gallons of water using 4 bottles of arterial fluid. To achieve the desired percentage, the primary dilution should be:
- Add the total volume of arterial fluid in the 4 bottles. If each bottle contains 1 gallon of fluid, the total volume would be 4 gallons.
- Calculate the percentage of arterial fluid in the total solution. To do this, divide the volume of arterial fluid by the total volume of the solution (arterial fluid + water) and multiply by 100%. In this case, the percentage should be 2%.
- Set up a proportion to find the amount of water needed to achieve the desired percentage:
Arterial fluid volume / Total solution volume = Desired percentage / 100%
Substituting the known values:
4 gallons / (4 gallons + 3.5 gallons) = 2% / 100%
Cross multiplying and solving for the unknown:
4 gallons * 100% = 2% * 7.5 gallons
400% = 0.15 gallons
Dividing both sides by 400:
1 gallon = 0.000375 gallons
To express the primary dilution in gallons, we can round the answer to the nearest hundredth:
Primary dilution = 0.000375 gallons of arterial fluid in 3.5 gallons of water