Final answer:
Swimmer's ear, or otitis externa, is a common infection of the ear canal caused by bacteria that thrive in wet and warm environments. The skin's normal flora includes microorganisms that reside on the skin's surface without causing harm. Positive punishment is a psychological concept that aims to decrease behaviors by adding an aversive stimulus.
Step-by-step explanation:
Swimmer's ear, also known as otitis externa, is an infection of the ear canal that is common among swimmers and individuals who spend a lot of time in water. It is typically caused by bacteria, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which thrives in wet and warm environments like pools and hot tubs. The infection is characterized by itching, redness, discomfort, and can progress to fever, pain, and swelling.
The skin has a normal flora, which refers to the microorganisms that typically reside on the skin's surface without causing harm. Malassezia, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Corynebacterium are examples of microorganisms that make up the skin's normal flora.
Positive punishment is a concept in psychology and behaviorism that involves adding an aversive stimulus to decrease or suppress a behavior. It aims to discourage certain behaviors by associating them with an unpleasant consequence. An example of positive punishment is scolding a child for misbehaving or giving a driver a traffic ticket for speeding.