Final answer:
Controlling gene expression can alter the overall protein level in the cell, leading to different cellular pathologies. Genes linked to pollution, such as GAPDH, CDT1, and IPO13, can be upregulated due to pollution, resulting in increased protein levels which can cause cellular pathologies.
Step-by-step explanation:
Controlling gene expression can alter the overall protein level in the cell by either increasing or decreasing the production of specific proteins.
For example, GAPDH, CDT1, and IPO13 are genes that have been linked to pollution.
If the expression of these genes is upregulated due to pollution, it can result in an increased protein level, which can lead to cellular pathologies such as oxidative stress, DNA damage, and inflammation.