Final answer:
The symptoms described indicate hemolytic anemia. Decreased RBC count and hypoxia can cause fatigue, lethargy, and an increased risk of infection. Hemolysis can result in yellow skin and dark brown urine.
Step-by-step explanation:
The symptoms described in the question indicate hemolytic anemia. Hemolytic anemia is a type of anemia that is caused by the excessive destruction of red blood cells (RBCs) in the body. The symptoms mentioned, such as pallor, weakness, increased respiratory and heart rates, enlarged spleen and liver, yellow skin, dark brown urine, and low RBC count, are all associated with hemolysis.
Decreased RBC count and hypoxia can cause symptoms such as fatigue, lethargy, and an increased risk of infection. These symptoms are due to the reduced number of RBCs and lower levels of oxygen being delivered to body tissues. The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is responsible for regulating heart and respiratory rates, so anemia can affect these functions as well. Hemolysis can result in the release of bilirubin, which causes yellow skin (jaundice) and dark brown urine.