Final answer:
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease that affects the beta cells of the pancreas, leading to a lack of insulin production. The disease is characterized by the destruction of beta cells by immune cells and antibodies. Genetic factors and viral infections can contribute to the development of type 1 diabetes.
Step-by-step explanation:
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease that affects the beta cells of the pancreas. These beta cells do not produce insulin, which leads to high levels of glucose in the blood. The molecular basis of type 1 diabetes involves the destruction of the beta cells by CD4 TH1-mediated CD8 T cells, anti-ß-cell antibodies, and macrophage activity. Genetic factors and viral infections can also play a role in the development of the disease.