Final answer:
During the Islamic Golden Age, the Islamic world had various caliphates that led to significant cultural and economic prosperity, contributing to science and medicine. In comparison, China was on the brink of industrialization, had strong imperial control, and focused on traditional Confucian practices and arts.
Step-by-step explanation:
Comparison of China and the Islamic World During the Islamic Golden Age
During the Islamic Golden Age, which spanned from the mid-7th century to the mid-13th century, the Islamic world saw substantial advancements in various fields. In comparison to China, the Islamic world excelled in cultural, economic, and scientific advancements during this time.
Political
The Islamic world was governed by various caliphates that drove significant political and cultural changes while China, specifically during the Ming dynasty, had a unified state under strong imperial rule, emphasizing Confucian principles and meritocracy.
Economic and Innovation
The Islamic world showcased remarkable economic prosperity, fostering contributions in mathematics, science, and medicine. Meanwhile, China was on the edge of industrializing, implementing new farming techniques, and introducing currency forms like silk bolts. Neither civilization triggered a full scientific or industrial revolution, but they both experienced notable economic success and military prowess followed by periods of decline.
Social/Cultural
In terms of social and cultural aspects, the Islamic world incorporated a vast array of cultural traditions as it expanded, reflecting in its diverse artistic and intellectual achievements. During this era, China focused on reviving traditional practices like Confucianism, shedding Mongol influence, and also contributed significantly to arts, evident in various forms such as poetry and music.